Describe and analyze the Reconstruction of the American South between Essay

Describe and analyze the Reconstruction of the American South between 1863 abd 1877. What was its impact on the future of American society - Essay Example r original practical relations; and let all these questions then be discussed in common council†¦ that it would have been better as soon as the lamentable conflict was over, when the people of the south abandoned their cause and agreed to accept the issue, desiring as they do to resume their places for the future in the Union, and to look to the arena of reason and justice for the protection of their rights in the Union†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Plans for Reconstruction were already on the way even before the war ended. These plans and eventual legislations and proposals were mostly influenced by the powerful Republicans, which demand harsh policies for the Southern states. However, the moderates, such as then incumbent President Abraham Lincoln prevailed on restoring the Southerners back as fast as possible with as much leniency.1 However, admission to the union meant the Confederate states were to adhere to several terms and conditions without compromise otherwise they risk representation in the United States Congress. Although subjected to several historical debates in the past, the Reconstruction period is undeniably one of the most significant periods in the United States history. It would impress a lasting impact on two major aspects in the identity of American society. They are racial equality and economic activity. â€Å"The disintegration of slavery was one among several considerations that propelled the Lincoln administration down the road to emancipation†¦ Lack of military success, coupled with the anti-slavery agitation of abolitionists and Radical Republicans, convinced a significant part of the Northern public that the war could not be won without attacking slavery.† (Foner, Mahoney, p. 16) Thus, after their defeat, the Confederate states were forced to swear on abolishing slavery and eventually free their black slaves. The moderates and radicals among the Republicans agreed that it was essential in guaranteeing the perpetual union among the states. The

High Renaissance Essay Example for Free

High Renaissance Essay High Renaissance art in Florence, Italy did not last very long, but made an enormous impact on the art world. In the paintings of this era, artists put emphasis on personality and the mental state. Perspective, classical cultures, and anatomy were of a greater interest to the artists of this era. The analysis of Guido Renis Portrait of Cardinal Roberto Ubaldino, Papal Legate to Bologna, Leonardo Da Vincis Mona Lisa, Michaelangelos David, and Raphaels Baldassare Castiglione could offer insight into the paintings of the High Renaissance artists in Italy with respect to personality and the mental state, detail, and use of color. â€Å"High style† was the mainstay of this period of the Renaissance. High style art was characterized as the idealistic, perhaps heavenly. High style had a respect for ancient imperial standards of wealth, magnificence, and grandeur. (Emison, xxx) During the Early Renaissance, artists had to choose between realism and spirituality. During the Early Renaissance, figures were painted to look so real that many thought they lost their spirituality. From then on, an artist had to choose to either make his figures realistic or spiritual. When the High Renaissance began, Leonardo Da Vinci believed that an artist did not have to make that choice. For example, when Da Vinci painted the Last Supper, he made the figures in his painting realistic, however the figures had an undeniable spirituality about them. Da Vinci did not choose between realism and spirituality, he used both. (â€Å"High Renaissance†) The High Renaissance lasted from about 1490 to 1530. This era unfolded amidst a fury of mounting political and religious tension. This affected artists, as well as patrons of the arts, throughout Italy. Political tensions were high. In 1512, Copernicus determined that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas in 1492 and Magellan circumnavigated the world in 1522, which dismissed the idea of a flat earth. All of these discoveries changed many assumptions about human life and rocked the foundation of theology. (â€Å"Italian High Renaissance Period†) In those years, the masters created a new profession with its own rights of expression and its own character. Regional differences existed during this time, not only between Northern Europe and Italy, but within Italy, with the leading artistic centers being Rome and Florence. During the High Renaissance period in Italy, most artists worked for the papacy. These artists explored an interest in perspective, personality, and anatomy that became the main characteristics of the High Renaissance era. In Florence, artists emphasized preliminary drawings, based on careful and detailed preparation, before the painting began, whereas in other parts of Europe, artists just began painting. This is part of the reason why so many regard Italian Renaissance art as the finest art in the world. (Kleiner, 579-623) This artistic period represented a culmination. The High Renaissance artists took all of the artistic explorations of the Proto-Renaissance artists, which flourished during the Early Renaissance, and used these explorations to its full capability. (Esaak) Guido Renis Portrait of Cardinal Roberto Ubaldino, Papal Legate to Bologna was painted in 1627. Oil on canvas and 77 ? by 58 ? inches, it resides at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. The subject was placed in front of a purple cloth, which insinuated honor, next to a velvet-covered table. The subject had obviously been writing, noting the letter and quill pen in the inkwell. The room opened to the left, revealing a courtyard. Rich colors, depth, and great detail add to the perception of the artist and the personality of the subject. The juxtaposition of the brightly-colored clothing with the dark background keeps the viewers eye on the subject. The subject looks thoughtful, looking at the viewer, giving the air of an intelligent man. Great detail was used by Reni. For example, the flecks of white in the subjects beard, the lines on his hands, the patterns and sheen of the clothing, and the fringe on the bottom of the chair shows that Reni wanted to capture every aspect of the subjects personality. It shows that the subject enjoyed the finer things in life, while looking perhaps within himself for the answers to lifes mysteries. Raphaels Baldassare Castiglione, painted around 1514, oil on canvas, with the dimensions of 2 6 ? † by 2 2 ? †, typifies High Renaissance portraits in the attention the artist paid to the subjects personality and mental state. The painting makes use of muted tones and Raphael favored clarity over obscurity. The muted tones fit the mood and temper of the subject. (Kleiner, 587, 623) The subjects facial features are clear, lending to the notion that Raphael focused on the subjects personality. The subject is dressed soberly, yet splendidly, and looks directly at the viewer. He has a thoughtful and kind gaze. This shows his humanity and lends an emotional openness to the painting. The subject looks sensitive and vulnerable, and his clothing suggest a certain softness to his character. This gives the viewer the feeling that the subject is equal to the viewer. The subject seems open enough to sit with and have an intellectual conversation. (Jones) Leonardo Da Vincis Mona Lisa, painted in the sixteenth century, is an oil painting on poplar panel. The painting depicts a woman with an ambiguous expression. This work has been at the center of study, scrutiny, parody, and myth for many years because of the fascination with the mysterious woman. The subjects expression seems mischievous, and she is looking directly at the viewer, a quality of High Renaissance art. The colors are dark, lending to the mysterious notion of the woman subject. The subject is seated on a marble chair, and behind her, a body of water with some rocks visible create the backdrop. The juxtaposition of the dark background and the skin of the subject tends to keep the viewers eye on the subject. Michelangelos David statue, carved from a single piece of marble and finished in 1504, is the representation of physical male perfection. The Cathedral of Florence commissioned Michelangelo to sculpt the statue from a block of marble that was originally from another project. David was to originally be put up on top of one of the buttresses of the Cathedral, however, when the sculpture was finished, they decided to put it in front of the main government building in Florence, Italy. (â€Å"Michelangelo, David, 1501-4†) All of these artworks are portraits. An great artist who paints portraits must have the skill necessary to depict something beyond its physical appearance to convey the subjects life and character. All of these artists imbued their works with psychological insight and authenticity that other artists of the day could not match. This is what made these particular artworks part of the High Renaissance era of Italy. (â€Å"Captured Emotions†, 3) Figures in portraits that were painted during the Early Renaissance were in profile and cut off at the bust. This was not so with portraits of the High Renaissance. These portraits, such as the Mona Lisa and Baldassare Castiglione, were not painted in profile, but with the face frontal, and the shoulders ? , with hands included. This was done instead of the profile because when the face is frontal, the viewer gets a better sense of the subjects personality. This revealing of the personality in paintings was a main interest during the High Renaissance and in artwork since. (â€Å"Leonardos Mona Lisa†) As was explained through these four examples, High Renaissance art in Florence, Italy focused on subjects personality and minds. The artists wanted to capture what the subject was really like and how they thought. The point of the High Renaissance was to delve deeper, to bring out qualities, not only in the subject, but also in technique and color use, that made the work stand out and say something. High Renaissance artwork has influenced the world of art ever since. For example, when children sit to have their school photo taken, they sit the way the subject in the Mona Lisa did. These works have withstood the test of time and continue to provide insight into not only the subjects personalities and minds, but also the artists.

Edgar Allan Poe and the American Mind Essay -- Edgar Allan Poe

Throughout the first half of the 19th century, America gazed at itself in a mirror and saw that it was good. As a beacon for democracy, the United States appeared to shine bright as the light of the world, demonstrating through the 1828 election of President Andrew Jackson that even a commoner from the countryside had the potential to rise to the top of the political hierarchy. On another level, under the growing success and influence of the Industrial Revolution, the American people seemed to ascribe widely to the belief that nature could be conquered by man, that no danger posed by the natural world was beyond the salvation offered by human technology. And then there was the overarching vision of manifest destiny, the nation’s blessed calling to expand its territory from ocean to ocean and thereby fulfill its purpose as a paradigm of virtue amid the savagery of the New World. Beneath the surface of each favorable reflection, however, lay shadows of hypocrisy that casted silent judgment upon these shining images of prosperity: the fact that democracy empowered the people, but only if they were white males; the reality that with industrial progress came egalitarian regress; and the truth that manifest destiny served as but an imperialist justification, a sort of divine mandate, for the removal and massacre of countless Native Americans. This tension between negative undertone and positive faà §ade, between dark realities and their euphemized reflections, created a critical dissonance in the 19th century American conscience, such that the nation appeared ostensibly promising on the surface, and yet remained ravaged by storms of contradiction underneath. Perhaps inspired by this internal struggle between delusion... ...nly reality within the mind of the person. Works Cited Fisher, Benjamin F. The Cambridge Introduction to Edgar Allan Poe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Print. Gargano, James W. â€Å"’The Black Cat’: Perverseness Reconsidered.† Twentieth Century Interpretations of Poe’s Tales. Ed. William L. Howarth. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1971. 87-94. Print. Hammond, J.R. Edgar Allan Poe Companion: The Short Stories. London: MacMillan Press, 1981. Print. Jones, Paul Christian. â€Å"Slavery and Abolition.† Edgar Allan Poe in Context. Ed. Kevin A. Hayes. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2013. 138-147. Print. Quinn, Arthur H. Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography. 1941. Print. Robinson, E. Arthur. â€Å"Poe’s ‘The Tell-Tale Heart.’† Critics on Poe. Ed. David B. Kesterson. Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami Press, 1973. 107-115. Print.

Monks Mystic Coffee Essay

1. Has Father Daniel Mary established a future direction for the Carmelite Monks of Wyoming? What is his vision for the monastery? What is his vision for Mystic Monk Coffee? What is the mission of the Carmelite Monks of Wyoming? Yes, Father Daniel Mary has established a future direction for the Carmelite Monks of Wyoming since he had a concrete and detailed vision and mission for the Mystic Monk Coffee and the Carmelite Monks of Wyoming. His vision for the monastery is to create a new Mount Carmel in the Rocky Mountains. He would also want to transform the small brotherhood of 13 monks living in a small house made as makeshift rectory into a 500-acre monastery that would include accommodations for 30 monks, a Gothic church, convent for Carmelite nuns, a retreat center for lay visitors, and a hermitage presented a formidable challenge. His vision for Mystic Monk Coffee is to be able to overcome his financial obstacle in buying the nearby ranch. The mission of the Carmelite Monks of Wyoming is to dedicate a life of prayer and worship, to live out their lives in the monastery, to vow on obedience, chastity and poverty and to sacrifice by living a cloistered religious life. 2. Does it appear that Father Daniel Mary has set definite objectives and performance targets for achieving his vision? Father Daniel Mary did not have a complete definite objectives and performance targets for achieving his vision, but then he had some like in wanting to obtain the ranch. He sold Mystic Monk coffees online (www.mysticmonkcoffee.com) in 12 ounces of bags for a price of $2.99. Their target was appealing to the Catholics, and about more than 69 million Americans were members of the Catholic Church. By producing high quality Arabica and organic Arabica beans, the monks were able to produce ground caffeinated and decaffeinated varieties in dark, medium, and light roasts and in different flavors as well making them to make great coffee. 3. What is Father Prior’s strategy for achieving his vision? What competitive advantage might Mystic Monk Coffee’s strategy produce? Father Prior’s strategy for achieving his vision is to use the $250,000 donation and the $75,000 they have earned during the first year of Mystic Monk Coffee-roasting operations then the remaining money, they would be getting from the Mystic Monk Coffee profit to buy the ranch for monastery. Strategies to promote Mystic Monk Coffee would be word of mouth, website (internet), calls/telephone, it offered a secular website. The competitive advantage would be the market niche that is focusing on the Catholics worldwide and the convenience of delivering the coffee into your home. 4. Is Mystic Monk Coffee’s strategy a money-maker? What is MMC’s business model? What is your assessment of Mystic Monk Coffee’s customer value proposition? Its profit formula? Its resources that enable it to create and deliver value to customers? Yes, Mystic Monk Coffee’s strategy is a money-maker. Its business model tends to maximize all the resources that they have so that they could buy a larger coffee roaster to produce larger amount of coffee. Resulting to an increase in coffee sales and bigger market. The sales will be then use to buy the Irma Lake Ranch. This plan, as like what is stated in the study, will minimize the effect of the monk’s monastic constraints and maximize the potential of monastic opportunities. 5. Does the strategy qualify as a winning strategy? Why or why not? For this particular question, there is actually a three tests for this. All three questions must be first answered to know if MMC’s strategy qualify as a winning strategy. a. How well does the strategy fit the company’s situation? It perfectly fit the company’s situation. They need funds for them to be able to buy the ranch. So what they are planning to do is to expand the coffee business by buying a larger roaster, targeting more people, and including wholesales to churches and local coffee shops. This strategy is suitable to the internal and external situation of MMC. b. Is the strategy helping the company achieve a sustainable competitive advantage? Yes, it is. By targeting people from the Catholic community, they already have acquired loyal customers who keeps on purchasing their high quality and organic coffee. It also helped in advertising MMC products through word-of-mouth. And these makes MMC more appealing to consumers rather than any other brands of coffee. c. Is the strategy producing good company performance? I believe it is. The company’s financial performance did well in its first year of operation by having an average of $56,500 sales of coffee and coffee accessories. 6. What recommendations would you make to Father Daniel Mary in terms of crafting and executing strategy for the monastery’s coffee operations? Are changed needed in its long-term direction? its objectives? its strategy? its approach to strategy execution? Explain. I would recommend Father Daniel that in the next period of MMC, he should broaden his target market. Still, the Catholic community will be its major market. But, it might create some â€Å"discrimination† factor to other religious groups in years after. They might think that just because they are not Catholic, they cannot buy MCC’s products. On the other hand, the strategy must be changed if the goal is different because it might not worked if it is already not fitted to MCC’s goal/s.

Leadership Essay

Values of great leaders can be found in various types of people. People who are of different ethnicities and are from different points of the world have shown to have unusual characteristics of leadership. There were many different approaches developed in studying leadership, one being the trait approach. The trait approach is based on the presumption that leaders are not developed into the leadership role but born with the characteristics of leadership that permits them to be great leaders. It has been discovered that there are strengths and also weaknesses within the trait approach relating to studying leadership. Strengths From a trait approach, there are many strong characteristics in leadership. A big role of a leader’s success is their personality. Their personality allows them to be effective when interacting with other people. Sometimes it takes a leader’s personality to set or change the tone in a work place, helping to create a positive mood and encouraging an environment of motivation to succeed and goal achievement. High energy, optimistic, a strong motivator, the ability to communicate and constancy are signature abilities that are believed to be recognized in the trait approach which aids a leader to be successful driven and adaptable (American Library Association , 1997-2013) Although this trait has been known to be very valuable in a successful leader it is has also been said that, â€Å"this massive research effort failed to find any traits that would guarantee leadership success. (Gary Yukl, page 13, 2010)† Weaknesses Although a personality has the ability to be effective it also has the ability to be  ineffective as well. A leader’s personality can be felt as being too strong and overwhelming at times causing some resistance and rebelling to take place with the followers. Many employees function on different learning levels in the workplace. If a supervisor leads with a sense of expectancy, his expectations may be seen as little high by the employees which in turn may damage the positive work environment. Also a supervisor’s personality can be taken as negative one if they do not take the employees’ feelings into consideration. To believe that a great supervisor is born with the leadership traits means that, as a company, the employees cannot be developed or effective in the workplace. When a company refrains from filling management positions from the inside of the company, employees can began to believe that they are in a glass ceiling environment. Creating future leaders within the company has been proven to build the morale of the employees. Conclusion Many abilities that identify great leaders have been found through the trait approach. Although these abilities are good, leadership is not limited by them. It has been exemplified through President Obama that in life, being a leader can be learned. President Obama was not born a leader, but through education and leadership experiences, he now has the ultimate leadership position in this country. Knowing this to be true, other approaches to studying leadership were developed such as the situational approach, the integrative approach, the behavior approach, and the power-influence approach.

Demographic Population Problems essays

Demographic Population Problems essays In the rise and fall of events, historians saw that there were problems retrieving information from the 17th century from mostly peasants or those who could not read or write. When getting the information form certain period, it would be difficult to find out what most peasants did during their life because they could not write down the things they did from day to day. Areas such as Southern Europe made retrieving information difficult because they were not as strong in fields of reading and writing. Protestant areas, however, provided more information because more emphasis was put on reading the bible. Although there was a large amount of information received from the elite of Europe, the peasants lives were many times left out because they were not as important and because of their lack of reading and writing skills. Very few researchers could only get an idea of how their life was by using different skills and methods. French scholars have been able to experiment with different sources to attempt to get information, and they have succeeded by using two different methods. One method was used by a school in France wanting to understand all of human existence. This was done by obtaining signatures on court orders, which led to historians rebuilding literacy patterns of Western Europe. Another school wanted to figure the historical population of the countries by using a method called collective biography where historians attempt to rebuild the life of the community and find the results statistically. By understanding their lifestyles, historians could find out when a person died, what their nutritional diet was, what they grew, how much money they had or what purpose they served to the community. The methods that were used created many sources, which led to calculating the population. Finding amounts of wheat, rye, and barley grown showed where more or less productive agriculture was and also showed w hich countries would adva ...

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Essay Essay Example

Ventilator Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Essay Essay Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Essay Essay A patient with a mechanical ventilator attached to an endotracheal tubing demands sufficient unwritten attention. This is because unwritten pit is a primary beginning of taint of the lungs in the intubated and compromised patient ( Smeltzer and Bare. 2004 ) . The frequence of unwritten attention for an intubated patient can change from every two to four hours. or every 12 hours brushing plus unwritten dampening every two hours ( Abidia. 2007 ) . The registered nurse is responsible for supplying unwritten attention and over-all hygiene for the intubated patient. Discussion Ventilator-associated pneumonia or VAP is defined as pneumonia that occurs in a patient attached to a mechanical ventilator for more than 48 hours ( Torpy. 2007 ) . There are risk factors on how a patient becomes susceptible to undertaking this disease and these are as follows. if the patient is attached to a mechanical ventilator and has endotracheal cannulation. if the patient is attached on a mechanical ventilator for a long continuance of clip already. advanced age. diminished degree of consciousness. lung disease. immune system is suppressed and malnutrition ( Torpy. 2007 ) . If any of these hazard factors are present the patient may go septic with ventilator-associated pneumonia. When a patient is demoing marks of increased temperature. increased white blood cell count. and new or altering lung infiltrate on thorax X ray he or she is most likely agony from VAP already ( Torpy. 2007 ) . Physicians would inquire for a civilization of the tracheal aspirate and this can help in placing which bacteriums or fungus is responsible and a bronchoscopy is besides required ( Torpy. 2007 ) . The nurse can implement intercessions to assist the patient in forestalling acquisition of the disease. Pruitt and Jacobs suggest promoting the caput of the bed 30 to 45 grades. giving the patient a day-to-day sedation holiday. administrating peptic ulcer disease prophylaxis. most particularly sucralfate. inciting deep vena thrombosis prophylaxis and a consistent unwritten attention ( Pruitt and Jacobs. 2006 ) . Get downing the patient on broad-spectrum antibiotics is besides advised and the usage of non-invasive positive force per unit area airing alternatively of cannulation and mechanical airing can besides assist in forestalling VAP. Harmonizing to Zoidis. the usage of non-invasive positive force per unit area airing is said to offer flexibleness of usage. turning away of complications such as pneumonia. saving of the ability to talk and get down. and improved patient comfort ( Zoidis. 1998 ) . Patients who are attached to a mechanical ventilator receive their nutrition via enteric eatings since most of them are either unconscious or because of the presence of an endotracheal cannulation. Enteric eatings make patients that are attached to a ventilator susceptible to ventilator-associated pneumonia because the nasogastric tubing bypasses the little sum of stomachic contents through to the oropharynx and the nutrient material can be easy aspirated into lower air passages most particularly in patients who have no more control of their sup or joke physiological reaction ( Teramoto et al. . 2006 ) . The nurse’s function is critical to forestalling the happening of VAP because every bit aforementioned. the nurse is the 1 to keep unwritten attention for the patient. Besides. the processs mentioned above. i. e. positioning. disposal of anti-ulcer Master of Educations. is to be carried out by the nurse. Conclusion VAP is a preventable disease because given the aforesaid. easy accomplishable intercessions that a nurse can implement for bar. the disease can be avoided. However. VAP’s happening can be attributed to the deficiency punctilious attention and lament observation that nurses bury to give to the patients because of the work load and limited clip. Surveies have been done and it showed that if purely enforced. all the preventative intercessions can guarantee that the patient does non endure from VAP.